What are Fish？ | 什麽是魚？ | 什么是鱼？
Today, we are talking about fish.
今天，我們來談論魚。
What are fish?
什麽是魚？
Fish belong to a class of creatures called aquatic vertebrates that live in water.
魚屬於一類生活在水中的水生脊椎動物。
They breathe using special organs called gills. Gills extract oxygen from the water around them.
它們使用稱為鰓的特殊器官呼吸。鰓從周圍的水中提取氧氣。
Fish have fins on their body and lay eggs.
魚身上有鰭，魚也產卵。
Most fish have a skeleton made of bone but some, like sharks, have a skeleton made of cartilage.
大多數魚的骨骼是由骨頭構成的，但有些魚的骨骼是由軟骨構成的，例如鯊魚。
Fish are cold-blooded with the exception of the Tuna family and the Mackerel shark family.
除了金槍魚家族和鯖鯊家族之外，魚類都是冷血動物。
Fish are covered in scales which are often covered in a layer of slime to help their movement through the water.
魚身上覆蓋著鱗片，鱗片上通常覆蓋著一層粘液，以幫助它們在水中移動。
Fish have lived on Earth for more than 450 million years, which is longer than the dinosaurs.
魚類已經在地球上生活了超過 4.5 億年，比恐龍還長。
There are more than 25,000 different species of fish in the world. New ones are discovered every year.
世界上有超過 25,000 種不同的魚類。每年都有新的發現。
Three major types or classes of fish.
三種主要的魚類。
1. Jawless fish – example – lamprey eel
無頜魚 – 例如 - 七鰓鰻
2. Cartilaginous fish – example – Shark
軟骨魚 – 例如 – 鯊魚
3. Bony fish –example - Blue marlin
硬骨魚 – 例如 - 黑皮旗魚
Where do fish live?
魚在哪裏生活？
Fish live in lakes, rivers, seas, and oceans around the world.
魚生活在世界各地的湖泊、河流和海洋中。
There are fish that live in fresh water and others that live in saltwater. But fish cannot live in water that is extremely salty.
有些魚生活在淡水中，有些魚生活在鹹水中。但是魚不能生活在極度鹹的水中。
What do fish eat?
魚吃什麽？
Some fish are herbivores, which only eat plants like algae.
有些魚是食草動物，只吃藻類等植物。
Some fish are carnivores, which only eat meats like fish and shrimp.
有些魚是肉食動物，只吃魚和蝦等肉類。
Biggest and smallest
最大和最小
The largest fish is the whale shark which can reach more than 16 meters in length.
最大的魚是鯨鯊，身長可達16米以上。
The smallest fish is the Dwarf Pygmy Goby, which is less than 1.5 centimetres when fully grown.
最小的魚是侏儒蝦虎魚，完全成長後不到 1.5 厘米。
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